What Chapter in the Bible Can I Find and This Evil Will Rise Again Just Before Jesus Returns

Chapter of the New Attestation

This article is about the chapter of the Gospel of Marking. For other uses, see Mark xiii (disambiguation).

Marker 13
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The Latin text of Marker 11:x–14:32 in Codex Gigas (13th century)
Book	Gospel of Mark
Category	Gospel
Christian Bible part	New Testament
Social club in the Christian part	2

Mark thirteen is the thirteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It contains Jesus' predictions of the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem and disaster for Judea, also equally his eschatological discourse.^{[i] [2]}

Text [edit]

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 37 verses.

Textual witnesses [edit]

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this affiliate are:

• Codex Vaticanus (325-350; consummate)
• Codex Sinaiticus (330-360; complete)
• Codex Bezae (~400; complete)
• Codex Alexandrinus (400-440; complete)
• Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; extant verses 20-37)

The Temple's destruction [edit]

Later on his teachings in the previous chapter, all set in the Temple courts, Jesus finishes his teaching in the Temple for the solar day and leaves. On his way out of the Temple an unnamed disciple remarks how extensive the Temple (Herod'southward Temple) is. The buildings might have reached upwardly to 150 anxiety (45.72 thou) in peak and they were adorned with gold, silver and other precious items.^[iii] In Mark, the calibration of the Temple is emphasised: the phrase "what manner of stones" (in the King James Version) is treated as referring to the size of the stones in the New International Version and the New Revised Standard Version.^[4] In Luke's gospel, the beauty of the stonework is highlighted.^[5]

"Do you lot meet (all) these great buildings?" replies Jesus. The word "all" is added in the Vulgate (omnes), the Ethiopic version ^[6] and the New International Version.^[7] Jesus acknowledges their greatness, but predicts that "not one stone here will be left on some other; every one will be thrown down". This is the last reference fabricated past Jesus to the Temple in Marking's narrative. Jesus seems to conceptualize that it will be destroyed, although he does not say when or how.

Jesus and so returns to the Mount of Olives. Marking says that Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked Jesus privately, equally he was sitting contrary the Temple on the mountain, "Tell u.s.a., when will these things happen? And what will be the sign that they are all about to exist fulfilled?" Jesus replies:

Verses 5–eight [edit]

Have heed lest any man deceive you: For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many. And when ye shall hear of wars and rumours of wars, exist ye non troubled: for such things must needs be; just the end shall not be notwithstanding. For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom confronting kingdom: and there shall be earthquakes in divers places, and there shall be famines and troubles: these are the beginnings of sorrows. (five-eight KJV)

The "outset of sorrows" is a traditional translation, used in the Geneva Bible and the King James Version. Its literal meaning, reflected in texts like the New Revised Standard Version, is "the starting time of birth pangs".^{[viii] [nine]} It was the general belief that if the Messiah had arrived in Jerusalem, the final Messianic victory and the kingdom of God were close at hand. Jesus, yet, seems to fix up many additional things that will occur before his final triumph.

Verses 9-13 [edit]

Jesus so predicts that they volition exist harassed (beaten) by diverse councils and synagogues, rulers and kings; that they are to say whatever comes to mind, as it volition be God speaking through them, and that Jesus' message volition exist given to every nation. Families will exist torn apart, that "All men volition hate you considering of me, but he who stands firm to the end will exist saved."^[ten]

Matthew 10:17 and Acts 22:19 as well make reference to beating or scourging taking place inside synagogues.^[11]

Verses 14–23 [edit]

Jesus then predicts a disastrous effect in Judea:

"When you meet 'the anathema that causes pathos' standing where it does not belong — permit the reader sympathize — and then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. Let no i on the roof of his house go downwardly or enter the business firm to take annihilation out. Let no one in the field become dorsum to get his cloak. How dreadful it volition be in those days for pregnant women and nursing mothers! Pray that this volition not take identify in wintertime, because those volition be days of distress unequaled from the beginning, when God created the world, until now— and never to be equaled again. If the Lord had not cut brusk those days, no one would survive. But for the sake of the elect, whom he has called, he has shortened them. At that time if anyone says to you lot, 'Wait, here is the Christ!' or, 'Look, in that location he is!' do not believe it. For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform signs and miracles to deceive the elect—if that were possible. So be on your guard; I have told yous everything ahead of fourth dimension. (14-23 NIV)

The warnings about simulated Christs are thought by some scholars to be warnings against others claiming to be the messiah or Christian teachers who claimed to actually be the reincarnation of Jesus.^[12] Acts of the Apostles 5:36-37 contains a description given past Gamaliel about Theudas and Judas the Galilean, both also mentioned by Josephus, who also claimed to be leaders of new movements.

Mark inserts his ain comments to the reader about the abomination, suggesting the phrase was some kind of code between him and his audience. It is a quote from the Book of Daniel where information technology appears in 9:27 equally role of a prophecy that the book claims was given to the prophet Daniel by Gabriel during the Babylonian captivity well-nigh Jerusalem'southward time to come. An "All-powerful One" would come, be "cutting off", and and then another people would come and destroy Jerusalem and gear up the abomination in the Temple. 11:31 speaks of information technology in context of a corking battle of Kings, and 12:eleven uses it as part of Daniel'due south stop fourth dimension vision. Many modern scholars, who believe Daniel was pseudepigraphically written in the mid-2nd century BC, believe that these references really refer to the shrine to Zeus fix up by Antiochus Iv Epiphanes with a Pagan altar on the Altar of Holocausts in the Second Temple in 168 BC.^[thirteen]

What exactly it meant to the Early Christians and Mark'southward audience is unknown, with some thinking it refers to Titus' destruction of the Temple, others that it might be a reference to Caligula'south effort to accept a statue of himself put in the Temple.^[14] Others have seen the abomination equally the Antichrist. It is unclear whether this refers to the Roman destruction of Jerusalem, merely many Christians after that effect certainly have seen information technology that way.^[12] More than recently information technology has been suggested that the anathema in Mark is a reference to the crucifixion itself.^[15]

According to Mark, Jesus made this prediction years earlier the Temple was really destroyed in 70. Acts vi:14 states that Stephen, the first Christian martyr (unless one counts Jesus), was falsely accused of challenge Jesus would destroy Israel and the Mosaic constabulary before he was stoned to death, an event Acts claims Paul observed. Predictions of Jerusalem's devastation are likewise found in Micah three:12. Scholars^{[ citation needed ]} who hold that this does refer to the Roman destruction of Jerusalem, and is an example of prophecy after the outcome, use this department to date Mark, and all works believed to have copied from it, slightly before or after the twelvemonth lxx.^[16]

In Marking 15:29 Jesus is mocked as having claimed that he would destroy the Temple and raise information technology again in three days, a statement of Jesus that Mark does non record in the narrative, although he is falsely defendant of challenge he would destroy the homo fabricated Temple and replace it in three days in fourteen:57. This gives rise to the estimation of the Temple's destruction equally the decease of Jesus' torso, the trunk of God, and his resurrection three days after. That Jesus predicted the Temple's devastation and his rebuilding of it in iii days is stated in John 2:19 and is used every bit prove against him in Matthew 26:61.

Olivet discourse [edit]

After the devastation of the Temple and the consequence in Judea, Jesus seems to predict a universe shaking event and his not bad triumph:

But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars of heaven shall fall, and the powers that are in heaven shall be shaken. And then shall they encounter the Son of human being coming in the clouds with nifty ability and glory. And then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the farthest part of the world to the uttermost role of sky. Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When her branch is withal tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is virtually: So ye in like manner, when ye shall see these things come to pass, know that information technology is almost, even at the doors. Verily I say unto you, that this generation shall non pass, till all these things be done. Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away. (24-31 KJV)

He then tells them that no i except the "Begetter", God, knows when this will all happen, not even the "Son", Jesus himself, come across as well Kenosis. He and then uses the parable of the Human Going On a Far Journeying to describe his followers as his servants watching their master'south house waiting for him to return.

Jesus thus ends with two parables, the parable of the Leafing Fig Tree and the parable of the man on a journey. The fig tree, which Jesus cursed in Mark 11:xiv for existence barren, is at present used every bit a metaphor. Whereas it is barren now, when information technology is summer information technology will be about to conduct its fruit, like these signs signal that God'due south plan is about to be fulfilled. The parable of the homo on the journey cautions the disciples that they should e'er exist on watch, equally he could return at any moment and would desire the house well cared for.

There are several interpretations of all this. The about straightforward is that in that location will be a horrible result in Judea and that at some unspecified fourth dimension Jesus will come up and get together his "elect", the term early Christians used to refer to themselves. The statement that "this generation" volition notwithstanding be around to see the coming of these things has posed problems for those who hold that this is a literal prediction of the end of the world, and has given rise to such legends equally the Wandering Jew. The word for generation also means race in Aboriginal Greek, so could refer to the Jews, or perchance all people. Others think Jesus is just using the apocalyptic language of his time symbolically, equally many Jewish prophets did, to highlight the fact that Christian suffering and Jerusalem's destruction, though seemingly the cease of the world, are necessary to attain what Jesus deems will exist the concluding victory of skillful over evil and that this generation refers to seeing Jerusalem's destruction.^[17]

Many have interpreted this as Jesus predicting the end of the world and his Second Coming. Jesus' statement about the sun and moon sounds very apocalyptic. It is a quote from Isaiah 13:ten where Isaiah uses it metaphorically as part of his prophecy of the fall of Babylon. The stars falling from the sky is from Isaiah 34:4 about God'southward judgement on all the nations of the world. Perchance there is a political connotation hither. By using these 2 quotations together, Jesus might be comparing the Roman domination Israel is currently undergoing to the Babylonian captivity it had undergone six centuries previously. The coming of the kingdom of God would be replacing Roman rule with God's rule just as the Jews were freed from Babylon. Withal whereas the Babylonian captivity ended with the return to Jerusalem, the replacement of Roman rule volition be preceded past Jerusalem'southward devastation, a abrupt change in what people thought of as the coming of God's kingdom. Information technology was a general belief of the Jews that the messiah would rule from Jerusalem, and many Christians have believed that after the Second Coming Jesus will rule the globe from Jerusalem. Many Christians have seen this every bit a prediction of Roman tyranny beingness overcome by Christianity, as Jerusalem, then "Babylon" (Rome), then all the unrighteous nations will be replaced past the Son of Homo'south coming. The Roman Catholic Church has always seen itself every bit partly the kingdom of God on Earth and some have thought the coming of the Christian Church building is what is predicted here.

The Son of Homo coming in clouds is from Daniel 7:xiii. This is from a prophetic dream of Daniel nearly a kingdom that would "devour" the whole earth and how it would be replaced by the Son of Human being's "everlasting kingdom". "The elect" will be "gathered" from every part of the world and "unto Sky", a reversal of Zechariah 2:10 where God would come up and live among his called. God rounding up his chosen people is found in many Onetime Testament books, but none take the Son of Homo doing this, showing how Jesus had contradistinct the prophecies nigh the messiah^[18]

Just earlier Stephen is stoned in Acts, he says "I come across heaven open and the Son of Man standing at the correct hand of God." (7:56), perhaps showing the Son of Man's coming means Heaven. In John 12:23 Jesus speaks of the Son of Man'due south celebrity as his death: "The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. I tell you the truth, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains but a single seed. But if information technology dies, it produces many seeds." He predicted the coming of God's kingdom in Mark 9:i in this generation followed by the Transfiguration, mayhap showing God'due south kingdom is already here because of Jesus' coming.

What exactly Jesus is predicting here is vague. Paul, in ane Thessalonians, probably the earliest surviving Christian certificate, speaks of how Jesus rescues united states of america from the coming "wrath" or "anger" in 1:x. He besides says that "we", Paul and the other Christians, would see Jesus return to heighten the dead in their lifetime in 4:xiii-eighteen, but not exactly when, maxim immediately afterwards in chapter 5:two that information technology will come similar "a thief in the night". Even so, in Philippians i:23 he speaks of going to Christ equally decease.

The ideas of Jesus' imminent return and the last messianic triumph coupled with that of it existence delayed until an unknown engagement in the hereafter, or perchance until after expiry, take always characterized Christian thought through the ages. In every generation, including ours, there have always been those who say the end is but effectually the corner and those who say who knows when it will happen and so just live a skillful life or that being good people is what brings God'due south kingdom. Augustine reflected, drawing from this passage, that a person should be more concerned with their own "final twenty-four hour period", their death.

...when it tells us to watch for the last mean solar day, every one should remember of equally concerning his own last 24-hour interval; lest haply when ye approximate or think the terminal day of the world to exist far distant, ye slumber with respect to your own last day...Let no one then search out for the last Day, when it is to be; only allow us lookout man all by our expert lives, lest the terminal day of whatsoever one of united states find us unprepared, and such as whatsoever one shall depart hence on his final day, such he be found in the last twenty-four hours of the world. Null volition then assistance thee which thou shalt not have washed hither. His own works will succour, or his own works will overwhelm every i. ^[xix]

A clarification of the end times is greatly expanded in the Book of Revelation, which describes itself as a vision given by Jesus afterward his death to the author. Here, likewise, are predictions of immediate upheavals (1:3) coupled with delays in the last working out of God'southward plan of thousands of years or even indefinite periods of time (20). A like business relationship is also found in Matthew 24, where the description of the coming of the Son of Man is greatly expanded. Luke 21 specifically states that there will be armies surrounding Jerusalem and that will precede desolation. This is all the information that Jesus gives about the far future in the Gospels.

In the Gospel of Thomas saying 51 a disciple asks Jesus when the "new world" would make it and Jesus replies "What you are looking forrard to has come up, merely you lot don't know information technology." In saying 113 they ask him when the "kingdom" will come up. "It will not come by watching for it. It volition not exist said, 'Await, hither!' or 'Look, there!' Rather, the Begetter's kingdom is spread out upon the earth, and people don't encounter it."

This ends the department of Mark showing how Jesus was the prophesied Jewish Messiah merely not in the way people had expected. It was the general conventionalities that the Messiah's coming would inaugurate the final victory of good over evil, and end all worldly suffering, thought to be a symptom of evil.^[twenty] Jesus entered Jerusalem in Marking eleven in the style of the messiah who would bring God's kingdom on Earth, and so cursed the fig tree exterior the Temple in which he fought with the money changers. He then defeated the priests and taught the people, establishing his potency and the priests lack of it. He then ends with a prediction of the Temple's destruction and then uses the fig tree every bit metaphor to show how what Jesus has described volition lead to the coming of God's kingdom. Yet whereas the Messiah entering Jerusalem every bit Jesus had washed was to bring God's rule immediately, Jesus says that it will come later, at an unknown time later on seemingly calamitous events. Jesus is speaking of these things on the Mount of Olives, where Zechariah 14:4 has the final messianic boxing occurring. In the next and last section Mark shows the necessity of suffering, Jesus' Passion, every bit a office of God's program. Jesus is crowned the King of the Jews only on the cross and just overcomes all suffering and evil by his resurrection from the dead.

References [edit]

1. ^ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an Abbreviated Bible Commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing Firm. 1962.
2. ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
3. ^ Kilgallen 245
4. ^ BibleGateway.com, Various translations of Mark 13:1, accessed 2 July 2021
5. ^ Luke 21:five
6. ^ Gill'due south Exposition of the New Testament on Mark 13, accessed seven December 2017
7. ^ Mark thirteen:ii
8. ^ Strong's Concordance, 5604. ódin, accessed six April 2020
9. ^ Mark 13:viii: NRSV
10. ^ Mark 13:nine–13
11. ^ Meyer, H. A. West., Meyer's NT Commentary on Mark 13, accessed 8 April 2020
12. ^ ^{a b} Brown et al. 623
13. ^ Brown et al. 624 and Miller 44
14. ^ Brown 144
15. ^ Peter G. Bolt, The Cantankerous from a Distance: Atonement in Mark's Gospel, New Studies in Biblical Theology, xviii. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2004.
16. ^ Jesus in a Earth of Colliding Empires, Volume I: Introduction and Marker one:1--8:29: Mark's Jesus from the Perspective of Power and Expectations, Mark J. Keown Wipf and Stock Publishers, xx Mar 2018 come across folio 8
17. ^ Kilgallen 250-253
18. ^ Brown et al. 624
19. ^ Sermon of Augustine "On the words of the Gospel, Mark xiii. 32, 'But of that day or that 60 minutes knoweth no i, non even the angels in heaven, neither the Son, simply the Male parent.'"
20. ^ Kilgallen 250

Sources [edit]

• Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament Doubleday 1997 ISBN 0-385-24767-ii
• Brownish, Raymond Due east. et al., The New Jerome Biblical Commentary Prentice Hall 1990 ISBN 0-thirteen-614934-0
• Kilgallen, John J. A Brief Commentary on the Gospel of Marking Paulist Press 1989 ISBN 0-8091-3059-9
• Miller, Robert J. Editor The Complete Gospels Polebridge Printing 1994 ISBN 0-06-065587-9

External links [edit]

• Marking thirteen King James Bible - Wikisource
• English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
• Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
• Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_13

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